Interpreters and translators convert spoken or written words from one language into another.

Interpreters work with live speech, translators with written language. They must be fluent in at least two languages.

Interpreters

Interpreters may interpret consecutively, which means they wait for the speaker to pause. They may also interpret simultaneously, which means they translate while the speaker talks.

Simultaneous translating is required for international conferences or in court. Interpreters at the United Nations often work in glass booths and speak into microphones. Delegates tune in the interpreter who is speaking the language they understand.

Sign language interpreters translate spoken language into hand signals for people who are hearing impaired.

Court interpreters work in courtrooms. They translate testimony for defendants who do not understand the local language. They also work with attorneys while they meet with clients or take testimony.

Translators

Translators work with written text. Translators read texts and rewrite them in the specified language. Literary translators work closely with authors when they can.

Legal translators rewrite legal documents, such as laws. Translators of scientific material work with very technical language. They usually have a background in the subjects they translate.