Occupational therapists help people learn or regain daily living or work skills.

Occupational therapists (OTs) help people who have mental, physical, or developmental disabilities. These disabilities are caused by birth defects, injuries, illnesses, or aging. Therapists help people develop, recover, or maintain their living and work skills.

When they meet new patients, therapists read their medical charts to learn about their disability or illness. They meet with patients and observe their skills and abilities.

Occupational therapists write treatment plans that set specific goals for patients. They discuss their plans with other workers such as doctors, physical therapists, or social workers. They also train nurses and other health care staff in therapy techniques so they can help with the therapy.

Before therapy sessions, therapists gather and lay out the materials they will use. They may use items such as puzzles, scissors, or eating utensils. After sessions, they clean and repair the materials. If they need new or additional materials, therapists order them.

Therapists conduct many different activities with their patients. Some activities are designed to improve physical strength and coordination. Other activities are designed to improve vision, memory, or reasoning.

They teach some patients to use wheelchairs and other physical aids. Therapists may design or make special equipment that patients need at work or home. They also recommend ways for patients to change their homes to meet their needs.

Therapists may specialize in working with patients of a certain age or specific disability. This includes:

• Elderly patients who want to live independently
• Children with developmental delays
• Adults with permanent disabilities

Therapists must keep accurate records of patient activities and progress. These records are needed for evaluating patients, billing, and reporting to doctors.

Occupational therapists often lead programs in schools, hospitals, community settings, and other institutions. Often these programs are designed to promote health and awareness of disabilities.

Occupational therapists are similar to physical therapists in that both types of workers are concerned with physical movement. However, occupational therapists are also concerned with psychological and social factors. They also work with people who have mental illnesses.