Painters apply paint, stain, varnish, and other finishes to buildings and other structures.

Painters must prepare the surface before painting. For a new surface, they simply wipe it clean and apply a primer or sealer. For surfaces with old coatings, painters first strip off the old paint. They may strip it with chemicals, use sandpaper, or wire brushes. They fill nail holes and cracks, and sand rough areas.

Painters cover surfaces such as floors with drop cloths to protect them from paint. They remove lighting fixtures from walls and ceilings.

Once the surface area is ready, painters apply the paint or finish. Painters select the best paint applicator for each job. For example, they may use a paint roller for interior walls, and a brush with a tapered edge for trim. They may use a paint sprayer for exterior walls. Painters set up scaffolding or ladders to work on tall buildings.

Some painters specialize in certain techniques. This is most common for interior home painters. Some of these techniques include:

• Rag rolling
• Sponging
• Glazing

Self-employed painters prepare cost estimates and keep business records. They may also hire and train other employees.