Genetic counselors help people answer questions about their genetics. They evaluate family history and medical records, order genetic tests, and evaluate the results.
Genetic counselors learn the medical history of the patient. They talk with patients and read medical records. They decide if genetic testing is necessary. Counselors refer patients to a doctor or laboratory for the actual tests.
Genetic counselors meet with patients and their family to discuss test results. It is important that counselors remain neutral when providing this information. This enables patients to make informed and independent decisions. Counselors talk about cases that were similar, explain possible outcome scenarios, and discuss treatment options.
Genetic counselors address any emotional issues raised by the results of genetic tests. They refer patients and families to community or state support services.
Genetic counselors work with people who want to have children. They may work with people already pregnant who suspect there might be genetic problems. Some patients come with a specific problem. They know they have a genetic disorder, such as Huntington's disease, and need information about it. Or they have a family history of heart disease or cancer and want more information. With the advancements in the field of genetics, this is an expanding discipline.
Most genetic counselors work in a medical setting as part of a health care team. They may also work in:
- Diagnostic laboratories
- Health consulting
- Pharmaceutical industry
- Public health and education
- Research