To work as an astronomer, you typically need to:

• have a high school diploma or equivalent;
• have a bachelor's degree in physical science; and
• have a doctoral degree (PhD) in astronomy.

Education after high school

In general, you need a doctoral degree (PhD) in astronomy to work in this field. Completing postdoctoral training is the best way to qualify for research or teaching positions.

A master's degree in astronomy is unlikely to qualify you for lead theoretical research. However, you can assist in this research. You also can qualify for other jobs that require a physics background. This includes jobs in manufacturing and applied research and development.

With a bachelor's degree in astronomy you can be a research assistant for an astronomer.

Many colleges and universities offer bachelor's degree programs in astronomy. Fewer offer master's and doctoral programs.

Work experience

After completing a doctoral degree, some astronomers work as postdoctoral fellows (postdocs). These university positions last for several years. Postdocs get experience working with other astronomers and physicists. This research can lead to a teaching or research job at a university.

On-the-job training

The length of training varies by the level of the job. Astronomers who are teachers or lead researchers rarely receive additional training. Assistants, however, generally receive a few months of on-the-job training.