Farm and ranch managers need knowledge in the following areas:

• Administration and Management: How to run a business or group.
• Production and Processing: How products are made and distributed.
• Biology: Cells, plants, and animals and how they function.
• Mathematics: The rules and uses of numbers.
• English Language: The meaning and use of the English language.
• Personnel and Human Resources: The policies to hire and retain employees.
• Food Production: The methods for planting, growing, and harvesting food.
• Economics and Accounting: Banking and business.
• Sales and Marketing: The methods for selling products and services.
• Mechanical: The design, use, and repair of machines and tools.
• Education and Training: The methods of teaching and learning.
• Customer and Personal Service: Providing special services to customers based on their needs.
• Chemistry: The properties of substances and the changes that occur when they interact.