Agricultural scientists study plants and soils. They use science to protect, develop, and manage these resources.

Agricultural scientists use the principles of biology, chemistry, and other sciences to solve problems in agriculture. They study:

• Crops
• Insects
• Soil use

Agricultural scientists study plants and soils to develop ways of improving food quantity and quality. They look for ways to improve how crops are grown. They also try to find ways to grow crops using less labor and chemicals.

Agricultural scientists try to find better, safer ways to control pests and weeds. They also study ways to conserve soil and water. They research ways of turning raw agricultural products into attractive and healthy food products for consumers.

Agricultural scientists may also work in range systems, meaning they work with livestock as well as plants and soil.

Another name for scientists who work with plants or crops is agronomists. Agronomists develop methods of growing crops with higher yields and improved characteristics. Sometimes agronomists use genetic engineering to develop crops which are resistant to pests and drought.

Agronomists identify and classify the insects that affect crops. They may research ways to develop new pesticides or other ways to keep bugs from spreading.

Soil scientists study what soil is made of and how different soils affect crops. In addition, they study how soil is managed while growing crops. This includes how soils respond to fertilizer and crop rotation. Soil scientists also develop ways to protect the soil.

Using the results of their studies, they provide information to farmers and other landowners about the best use of land. They recommend how to avoid or correct problems such as erosion.